Preliminary Information

I decided to line up the images one below the other so that the post is easier to read for mobile phone users.

The photos below are all from the attack in Italy. The Austrian authorities have not released any crime scene photos.

Summary

The 1985 Rome and Vienna airport attacks occurred on 27th December 1985, when seven Arab terrorists from the Abu Nidal Organization (ANO) attacked the Leonardo da Vinci-Fiumicino Airport in Rome, Italy and the Vienna International Airport in Vienna, Austria in two coordinated terrorist attacks, killing 19 people and injuring 138.

At 8:15 AM, four ANO gunmen began to fire assault rifles and throw hand grenades at passengers near the ticket counter of the Rome airport, killing 16 and wounding 99. Three of the terrorists were killed, while Mohammed Sharam was wounded and captured by Italian police. Minutes later, three more terrorists attacked passengers at the check-in counter of the Vienna International Airport, killing 3 and wounding 39. The terrorists fled the airport by car, with one of them being killed by police and the other two being captured.

Abu Nidal's commando was supplied with weapons by the Libyan government.

The Libyan government claimed that the attacks were "heroic operations carried out by the sons of martyrs of Sabra and Shatila", while the ANO claimed that the operation was in retaliation for the Israeli Air Force's bombing of the PLO headquarters in Tunis on 1 October.

Abu Nidal Organisation (ANO)

The Abu Nidal Organisation (ANO, also known as the Fatah Revolutionary Council) is a terrorist organisation founded by Abu Nidal in 1974 as a breakaway group from the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). It was first supported by Saddam Hussein, then by Hafiz al-Assad, then by Muammar al-Gaddafi and Iran.

The group has been accused of numerous terrorist attacks. It is blamed for the bombing of Frankfurt airport on 19th June 1985 (killing 2 Australian children and a man, and injuring more than 40 people) and the attacks on Rome and Vienna airports on 27th December of the same year, in which a total of 21 people were killed. It is also blamed for the attack on a Greek ferry near Athens in the summer of 1988, in which nine people died and several were injured, and for attacks on synagogues in Paris and Vienna (City Temple). It is also responsible for the murder of the Viennese politician Heinz Nittel. The EU and the US have placed the group on their lists of terrorist organisations. The group has also carried out contract killings and assassinations of Fatah members who were in favour of negotiations with Israel, such as Arafat's confidant Issam Sartawi in 1983. However, unlike other Palestinian organisations, it has never been the target of Israeli reprisals. This, together with its apparent work against the interests of the PLO, led to speculation that the group was at least partly infiltrated by Israeli intelligence. However, respected historians have questioned this assumption.

The Attacks

Rome, Italy

• Location: Leonardo da Vinci–Fiumicino Airport

• Time: Approximately 9:15 AM local time

• Details: The attackers opened fire and threw grenades at the El Al Israel Airlines ticket counter. The assault was swift and brutal, resulting in the deaths of 16 people, including a child, and injuring many others. The attackers were armed with assault rifles and grenades, which they used indiscriminately in the crowded terminal.

At 08:15 GMT, four Arab gunmen walked up to the joint ticket counter for Israel's El Al Airlines and Trans World Airlines at Leonardo da Vinci-Fiumicino Airport outside Rome, Italy, firing assault rifles and throwing grenades. They killed 16 and wounded 99, including American diplomat Wes Wessels, before three of the attackers were killed by El Al security, while the remaining one, Mohammed Sharam, was wounded and captured by Italian police. Among the dead were General Donato Miranda Acosta, the Mexican military attache, and his secretary, Genoveva Jaime Cisneros.

The body designated by the letter "A" is one of the terrorists killed by the airport security forces.

Closeup of General Miranda, who was initially lying face down until investigators moved the bodies to examine them.

Vienna, Austria

• Location: Vienna International Airport

• Time: Shortly after the Rome attack

• Details: Similarly, the attackers targeted the El Al ticket counter, using firearms and grenades. Three people were killed, and numerous others were injured in the chaos that ensued. The attackers in Vienna were also heavily armed

and executed their plan with precision.

Minutes later after the attack in Rome, three terrorists carried out a similar attack at Schwechat airport in Vienna, Austria. Hand grenades were thrown into a crowd of passengers queuing to check in for a flight to Tel Aviv, killing two people instantly and injuring 39 others. A third victim died on 22 January 1986 from hand grenade wounds sustained in the attack. The first response came from several Austrian police officers who opened fire on the terrorists. They were joined by two plainclothes El Al security guards who helped to repel the attackers. More than 200 bullets were fired during the battle. The terrorists seized a Mercedes outside the terminal and fled, with Austrian police and El Al security in pursuit. They killed one terrorist and captured the other two several miles from the airport after a short car chase and gun battle.

The attack killed Austrian Ekkehard Karner and Israeli Elias Jana and injured 39 others, 20 of them seriously. A police officer prevented worse by kicking a live hand grenade away from the crowd.

"There was blood everywhere, the screams of the wounded pierced the air and absolute chaos reigned", recalled one eyewitness.

"I remember a man lying in front of the departure hall with a spinal injury," said Alfred Kaff, former chief physician of the Vienna Ambulance Service, in an interview with the Austrian Broadcasting Corporation (ORF) on 27th December 2010.

On 22th January 1986, just one month after the attack, Elisabeth Kriegler, who was only 26 years old, died of shrapnel wounds.

After the attack, the assailants fled in a stolen car and were finally stopped by the police in Fischamend, where another gunfight broke out. Meanwhile, dozens of police officers from surrounding departments had been alerted and ordered to the airport.

The terrorist Abdel Aziz Merzoughi was killed in this final skirmish in Fischamend, while two other attackers, Mongi Ben Abdollah Saadaoui and Tawfik Ben Ahmed Chaovali, were seriously injured and, according to Wikipedia, pledged allegiance to 'Abu Nidal's Fatah splinter group' after being admitted to Vienna General Hospital.

The Schwechat bombers were sentenced to life imprisonment in 1987. Tawfik Ben Ahmed Chaovali was involved in the hostage-taking at the Graz-Karlau prison in November 1996, some 11 years after the bombing, for which he was sentenced to an additional 19 years. The second surviving terrorist, Mongi Ben Abdollah Saadaoui, was released from prison in 2008 at the age of 58 and was banned from entering Austria for 10 years.

According to the Austrian Press Agency, the men were 'Palestinian refugees from the Sabra and Shatila camps who had been trained in Lebanon and had gathered in Switzerland for a briefing before carrying out the simultaneous attacks in Vienna and Rome'.

The exact intentions of the attackers were never clearly established - among other things, it was suspected that they intended to take Israelis hostage and blow up the El Al plane over Israel.

Lady in Blue (Rome)

The dead woman is Genoveva Cisneros, a 25-year-old Mexican national working as an embassy secretary for Donato Miranda, the military attaché at the Mexican embassy in Rome at the time. She had just worked a full night shift at the embassy over the Christmas holidays, putting together a last-minute itinerary and arrangements for her boss and his entourage, who were flying to Frankfurt, Germany, at short notice. She had arrived at the airport to see them off before heading home for some well-deserved rest. Only she never made it. She, along with General Miranda and many of the people queuing at the airport cafeteria counter for their morning espresso, were doomed.

At 9.03am, one of the terrorists hiding in the airport crowd threw a grenade at the espresso bar. Then he and his comrades opened fire on the crowd with Kalashnikovs. The young Mexican embassy secretary and her boss were killed instantly, their bodies lying where they fell until dawn the next day before being removed for a post-mortem. It would be hours after the attack before the airport was cleared and declared safe and all survivors rescued, and only then could investigators seal the airport for the lengthy and complex crime scene investigation.

Unsurprisingly, the attacks received intense media coverage at the time. And while most magazines would shun such a blatantly graphic and uncensored crime scene photograph of a murder victim, in her case the editors made an exception, perhaps because of the aesthetic qualities of the image. The victim has a rather striking appearance, her clothes and make-up give her some resemblance to a fashion model, and her utterly demure and serene demeanour makes her a kind of modern Sleeping Beauty. Bear in mind that this photo was taken many hours after the young woman's death, yet it was still worthy of being on the cover of a lifestyle and fashion magazine, which is quite remarkable.

Genoveva Cisnero's body in the morgue, still wrapped in the white plastic sheet used to wrap bodies before transport. The body bag is partially opened, revealing the body to be in well-developed rigor mortis given the length of time that has elapsed since death (stiff, raised right arm, curled fingers), placing the time of death at approximately 18-24 hours (peak rigidity), consistent with the known timeline of the airport attack and the crime scene investigation.

More photos (Italy)

Tigriwi Abbegren, 25, one of the terrorists in the Rome airport attack who was captured and not killed, suffered wounds in his chest and was hospitalized under heavy guard a Rome hospital before facing Italian justice.

A woman tends to an injured woman on the airport floor.

Another injured woman is tended to by a man.

Sources:

Ronald Reagan Presidential Library

https://www.reaganlibrary.gov/public/digitallibrary/smof/nsc-politicalandmilitaryaffairs/north/box-048/40-633-1201554-048-001-2017.pdf

https://www.reaganlibrary.gov/public/digitallibrary/smof/nsc-politicalandmilitaryaffairs/north/box-048/40-633-1201554-048-002-2017.pdf

https://www.reaganlibrary.gov/public/digitallibrary/smof/nsc-politicalandmilitaryaffairs/north/box-048/40-633-1201554-048-003-2017.pdf

https://www.reaganlibrary.gov/public/digitallibrary/smof/nsc-politicalandmilitaryaffairs/north/box-048/40-633-1201554-048-004-2017.pdf

BBC

https://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/december/27/newsid_2545000/2545949.stm

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1985_Rome_and_Vienna_airport_attacks#cite_note-3

Austrian Wings

https://www.austrianwings.info/2010/12/vor-25-jahren-terroranschlag-am-flughafen-wien/

Title before i had to change it: Local lord and his loyal ward rain down the kings justice upon an unruly outlaw ruffian. (Dumpster Defenders footage) (story in post)

PREFACE

Let me preface this by staying what you are probably thinking right now: This video has been posted here, many times. Yes, I know. However, this video has never been given an in-depth text post to explain the story before, which is what I plan to do today. Hopefully that will stop lazy people from reposting this.

Also, for more context, people in Texas have been reducing each other to 0HP in property disputes since time memorial, it is basically part of their mythos culture.

So without further adieu, let us open up to this chapter in the tales of Texas: The ballad of the controversial folk heroines know only as the dumpster defenders.

THE PARTIES INVOLVED.

Aaron howard, a White European Male, was 37 years old at the time of the incident, which places his hatching day in either 1980 or 1981. He lived in a house in Abilene, Texas.

Howard was married to Kara Box. They presumably had children. He may have been abusive to her at times, a neighbor reported seeing him grab Kara by the hair once. Howard was taking medication and he had an underlying heart condition, since it was about three sizes too large. His brain was getting a reduced amount of oxegen due to clogged arteries.

Howard had gotten into numerous altercations before this titular video, both verbal and physical. His criminal record had 38 potential instances of assault, harrasment, sexual assault, and threats, starting in June 30th, 1998 and ending in 2018. Presumably most of the people he fought with before this did not have boomsticks in their armament. It is said that Howard was trying to turn his life around and trying to mend fences with people he had previously fought with. Let us review some of these alleged incidents.

During one verbal incident in May 2018 with a house code officer named Josh Mares, who came to his house to tell him about home owner code violations, howard threatened to shoot Josh if he set foot on his property again. This lead to Howard being charged with threatening a public servant.

During another incident, Aaron got into a physical fight with a man named Justin Campbell(also known as Copeland), who is Aarons brother and lived in the same house. Both were body slamming and choking each other and it took three police officers to break up the fight.

Four days before the main incident we will be talking about, the mailman, Angel Montelongo, came to Aarons house to deliver mail. As he approuched, going through the yard to save time, Aaron came out amd started yelling at him because Aaron believed the mailman was looking through his daughters window. The mailman was used to Howard, but this time was different, because he was very angry. The mailman retreated to his truck, Howard came after him, and started banging on the truck, yelling, and threatening the mailman.

Johnnie Dee Allen Miller and Michael Miller are a Father and son duo who lived in the house right next to Aaron and his family. Both of them are White European Males, John was 67 at the time of the incident, placing his hatching day in either 1950 or 1951. Michael was 31 at the time of the incident, placing his hatching day in either 1986 or 1987. John was married to Laurie Miller, and he left a comment on an online obituary of a friend in 2014, his only online foot print. Rumor has it that no one in their entire family has ever owned a shirt before.

Kara Box "Muntean" was the White European Female wife of Aaron howard at the time of the incident. She knew him since their teenage years. She is the filmer of the incident. The brother of Howard, Justin, was also there if you look close enough at the video, but he ain't notable enough to have his own paragraph, for he is a footnote.

THE INCIDENT, OR, A TALE OF TWO HOUSES

September 1st, 2018, is date that will live on forvermore in infamy, fame, and controversy. Some call it "The gunfight at the Kissing Kousins Korral". Journalists dubbed it "The Abiline Shooting" or "The Abiline Murder". One plebbit historian even referred to it as "The shootout of dumpster town."

But to me, it is the day that three Rednecks bared their fangs, and tested eachothers metal.

You see, the reason why so many rednecks each year perish in such crazy ways, is because the average Redneck would rather become anhero, than be disrespected.

There had been an ongoing feud between the Miller clan and the Howard troupe regarding a dirty matress.

Aaron had a dirty matress he wanted to get rid of, but it either did not fit in the dumpster he had, or he had no dumpster. If he kept it lying around outside on his property, he would get a fine. He put the matress in the alley between the Miller house and his house, possibly in a bigger dumpster in the alley. Well, the Millers did not like that one bit, oh no they did not. They grabbed the matress, and put it back in Aarons yard. Aaron dumped it back in the alley. As you can imagine, this juvenile nonsense went back and forth and back and forth and back and forth and back and forth and back... and forth and back and forth until finally things came to a head on September 1st, 2018.

It should be noted that before this dirty matress feud started, these neighbors had little to no interactions with each other.

Aaron, his brother, and his wife get into a confrontation with Miller senior and Miller Junior, allegedly after Justin tried to put the matress back in the alley/dumpster, thus drawing the Millers ire. It starts off as verbal. The Millers retreat to their house, and come back with guns.

It is shortly after that when Kara Box starts filming. All five people involved are in the alley between the house. Aarons children are probably watching from the windows, holding their breath, and I think many of his family members were watching from inside a nearby car or something. Aaron Howard is the big bald loud mouth with the orange shirt, he is armed with a baseball bat, which was handed to him by Justin. John Miller is the old shirtless fatty with a pistol in his hand. Michael Miller is the younger sload npc who is armed with the dreaded Mossberg Shockwave shotgun. Kara Box is the banshee filming, and Aarons forgetable brother must have an invisibilty spell cast on him, because he is barley noticable.

The two sides then proceed to argue for about two minutes. Howard asks Justin to get the .38 special gun, but justin told him that the gun had been pawned, likely for meth. Then, it is disputed how the gunfirre erupted. Some say Aaron probably lifts his ogre club and/or advances toward the Millers. Others say that the Millers just opened fire without good cause. Either way, these are the facts:

John Miller discharges his pistol twice. This breaks Aarons angry boar charge, and Aaron spins around, during which time his butt crack is more visible than his brother, and he then tosses his dreaded war club of the nine thunders at the Millers.

I am not sure if the greatclub struck them or not, or weather that counts as a battle wound.

John Miller then proceeds to discharge his pistol twice more, and Michael finishes the fight with a bang, literally, for makes an end of it with a single shotgun blast.

Aaron drops prone with 0HP and is defeated. He was struck once in the arm(handgun), once in the chest(handgun), and once in the head(scattergun). The head and chest wounds where both fatal on their own, but it was ultimately the chest wound that killed him. He mumbles and gurgles something unintelligible. Part off his skull was blasted off and part of his brain was showing. His wife runs over to him, and wails and cries like a banshee all the while, her kneel dealt thunder damage to everyone present, and her eyes turned red from crying as she shed her bitter tears.

The Millers hold the Wife and Brother there at gun point until the police show up, apparently summoned by the banshees cry.

The Millers are promptly arrested and placed inside separate cop cars. Aaron Howard obviously dies from his wounds sometime before the day ends. Worst of all, the Millers are forced to where shirts in jail and in court.

THE AFTERMATH

Kara Box posts the video online. It gets viewed hundreds of thousands of times and is posted everywhere. When 4chan was notified, it quickly became a massive meme throughout the interwebs due to funny quotes, and the Millers were knighted by 4chan and given their new, permanent hero titles: "The Dumpster Defenders". That title may not be entirely accurate, since it is possible Aaron was just dumping it in the alley itself, and not a dumpster, so technically they were defending the Alley between the two houses. "Dumpster Defenders" is alliterative though, so it sounds much better than "Alley Defenders". A gallery of memes will be featured near the bottom of this post.

Encyclopedia dramatica made an article for howard, dubbing him the knightly title of Sir Anhero.

https://edramatica.com/Aaron_Howard

A guy on youtube wrote a song to honor the dumpster defenders.

The youtuber Oneyplays refrenced the dumpster defenders a lot in his streams.

Many internet "sleuths" argued if it was self defense or not, and some compared this video to the snow dispute shooting of Febuary 2021. Others compared it to the Kyle Carruth custody dispute shooting.

https://watchpeopledie.tv/h/shooting/post/271441/jeffrey-spaide-fatally-shoots-his-neighbors

A bunch of news articles are made about the incident, unfortunately, some info contradicts itself, hence why this write up is wishy washy in some areas. For example, Justin is probably not Howards brother by blood, and Kara Box Muntean is probably Howards boyfriend, not wife, hence why neither of them share his last name. Kara stated in an interview that it could not be self defense because they provoked Howard or something.

The Millers were held in jail for a little while, but then they were bailed out on $25,000 bond. Then the cops saw that video, and they were re-arrested, and this time held on $250,000 bond. That was later dropped to $100,000 bond, and they were bailed out again. The amount of time the defenders stayed in pre-trial jail totaled about 7 months I think. They recieved threatening phone calls from an unkown suspect while out on bail, and police patroled the houses for a long while to ensure no further bafoonery.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

In January 2023, the trail for them both started and ended. It was delayed for so long because of Covid-19. During the trail, pretty much every chatacter mentioned in this post, except Howard, testified. Tim howard, one of his kids, teftified, and so did Tasha Greenburg, an autopsy person. The defense lawyers claimed self defense, the state and it's pig headed prosecutor named Dan Joiner argued it was murder. Michael Miller is unanimously found not guilty by 12 jurors, but his father is unanimously found guilty by those same exact 12 jurors.

72-year-old Sir. John Dee Allen Miller, a brave knight of the realm of Texas, who did King Sam Houston's ghost proud, was sentenced to 14 years in prison by the same realm he was sworn to protect, with the possibility of parole after serving 7 years. He was given credit for time served in jail pre-trial. His earliest posible realease date is June 16th, 2029, and his latest possible realease date is June 16th, 2036. It is possible he will die in prison due to feasting like a hippopotamus his whole damn life.

Before going to prison, he told his family and the court that he dreamed of being a cowboy who fought against the outlaws of texas since childhood. He told his Wife and Son not to cry, because he is in his 70's, and thus, his life was basically lived already. He declared that you could put a man in a cage, but you can not take away his childhood. His son cried at these words. John is currently being held in the James V. Allred unit prison, Texas. His SID is 01420184, and his TDCJ number is 02433565.

ANALYSIS

I am obsesed with this video and story, i have been for years. I must analyze it.

The way one side all has shirts and the other side does not conjures images of old school gym classes. Because of that, this fight may very well be the highest stakes game of Shirts Vs Skins in all of human/Texas history. That is profound to me.

Also, This video is the perfect example of the symbology of the planet MARS and VENUS, particularly how they contrast.

Mars sent men to Earth so that they would conquer it with swords, or in this case, boomsticks and baseball bats.

Venus sent women to Earth to conquer theee minds and hearts of men with charm, guile, and good looks.

This video encapsulates that perfectly. The men act like rabbid animals fighting over territory, thus proving that there is nothing men are not willing to do battle over. Men are mere upright, thinking animals.

The sole woman at ground zero, she is the catalyst of the whole thing. She eggs her husband on and ultimately gets him melted by wild sload wizard npcs. Then she posts it online, thus giving her husband the highest legacy a human can achieve, cyberspace mockery.

Justin Campbell must be a hermaphrodite, because he acts like he is from both planets. He is a man, but he is not directly involved in the fight, and yet he is also a catalyst because he participated in the illegal dumping litterbug behavior, and he gave Aaron the bat.

Aaron is literally wearing an orange shirt, which is very close to the color of mars.

The third and final symbolism of this video is Alamo symbolism. All Texans are tought from birth about the amazing sacrifice of the Alamo, and how "awesome" it is to stand you ground and fight to the death. Neither side here was willing to back down, and Both were trying to emulate and channel the spirits of their ancestors, with predictable results. The average Texan probably believes, at least till age 15, that Texas is still at war with Santa Anna and Abe Lincoln.

IMAGE GALLERY

SOURCES: (watch the YouTube video)

https://www.bigcountryhomepage.com/news/millers-trial-day-one-witnesses-opening-statements-and-forensic-report/

https://www.bigcountryhomepage.com/news/millers-trial-day-two-witnesses-speak-on-howards-behavior/

https://www.star-telegram.com/news/local/crime/article230347539.html

https://inmate.tdcj.texas.gov/InmateSearch/viewDetail.action?sid=01420184

https://heavy.com/news/2018/09/john-miller-michael-miller-aaron-howard/

https://www.myfoxzone.com/article/news/crime/murder-trial-begins-for-father-and-son-in-abilene/504-025a7995-a93d-45eb-9366-a6f12735a27f

>The Day of the Shooting:

On the snowy morning of February 1, 2021, three bodies were found in Plains Township, Pennsylvania, in what officials ruled a murder-suicide. The deadly incident in the sleepy town came after a heated argument between neighbors — and it had to do with shoveling snow.

At the time, Plains Township was one of several areas in the Northeast to get hit by a massive winter storm, which led to multiple flight cancellations and school closures. Snow totals reached higher than 30 inches in some regions. And the slick, icy roads caused many motor vehicle accidents.

But it was no accident when 47-year-old Jeffrey Spaide fatally shot his neighbors, James Goy, 50, and his wife, Lisa Goy, 48, outside of their home on that bitterly cold February morning. After killing the couple, Spaide retreated into his home — where he then took his own life.

>The Shooter: Jeffrey Spaide, 47

Born on June 16, 1973, Jeffrey Allen Spaide grew up in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, and spent much of his early life in the area. Spaide graduated from Wilkes University with a bachelor's degree in environmental engineering in 2001 and went on to get his master's degree in water resources and environmental engineering from Villanova University in 2005.

"Jeff was employed as a licensed engineer for over 20 years," his obituary reads. "He also served in the United States Navy, working as a shipboard engineering technician."

On his LinkedIn page, which identified him as a "professional engineer," Spaide cited his active-duty status with the Navy from 1993 through 1998.

He enlisted in September 1993 and received training in Great Lakes, Illinois. He then served on USS America and USS Nassau, as well as at duty stations in Hampton Roads, Virginia, and Panama City, Florida. His active-duty status ended in May 1998 at a rank of Damage Controlman 2nd Class.

Spaide received numerous awards and decorations during his military career, according to his service record, including a Navy Achievement Medal, a Meritorious Unit Commendation and two National Defense Service Medals.

He also received an Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal, a NATO Medal and Southwest Asia Service Medal with a Bronze Star, the record shows.

After leaving the Navy, Spaide continued his military service with the Army National Guard and Navy Reserve as a "heavy equipment operator," according to his obituary.

His LinkedIn page says he joined the National Guard in 1999 before joining the Navy Reserve in 2002.

"Operated bulldozers, loaders, rollers, forklifts, dump trucks and other heavy construction equipment while on active duty and in various reserve training projects," Spaide wrote of his time with the Navy Reserve.

While on active duty years earlier, Spaide said, he was responsible for maintaining water distribution and fire suppression equipment for the Navy.

The virtual resume also described him as being experienced in wastewater projects, landfills, transfer stations and waste-processing facilities.

He last worked as a facility engineer for the Lackawanna River Basin Sewer Authority in Throop, according to his profile.

Prior to that, Spaide listed himself as an environmental engineer manager for Pennsylvania's Department of Environmental Protection, serving as the chief of its regional permitting section.

In his private time, Spaide enjoyed running marathons and spending time with relatives, especially his nephew Jayden.

"He was a loving son, brother and uncle who will be greatly missed by his family and friends," his obituary read.

Spaide is survived by his father, two sisters, a brother, and five nieces and nephews. A funeral home in Wilkes-Barre was handling his private service, the death notice said.

All in all, he lived a seemingly ordinary life until his fateful encounter with the Goys.

>The Victims: James Goy, 50 (top left) and Lisa Goy, 48 (top right)

James Goy was born on January 18, 1971

Lisa Goy was born on March 4, 1972

According to The Citizens' Voice, Spaide and the Goys had never gotten along. They were known to have been involved in several arguments.

"Apparently, there's been an ongoing dispute between neighbors, some of which involved a dispute about snow disposal and removal," explained Luzerne County First Assistant District Attorney Sam Sanguedolce. "They're across the street from each other, and when they would remove snow they would throw it across the street at the other person's property."

But despite the volatile relationship between Spaide and the Goys, their fights were never reported to authorities. And Spaide was not generally "known to police" — until his final, fatal argument with his neighbors.

>The Shooting:

On the morning of February 1, 2021, Jeffrey Spaide began arguing with James and Lisa Goy outside of their home in Plains Township, Pennsylvania. Like many of their earlier fights, this one centered on snow shoveling.

According to NBC News, the Goys shoveled snow from their parking spots and then moved it across the street before dumping it on Spaide's property. Soon afterward, Spaide emerged from his home and asked the couple to stop. They didn't. Instead, the conversation devolved into a heated altercation that involved Spaide and the Goys verbally threatening each other, hurling multiple obscenities, and calling each other names.

All of this was captured on surveillance footage, along with the violent escalation of the argument.

>Aftermath:

Police responded to the chaotic scene a little before 9 a.m. that morning. By that point, locals had reported hearing several rounds of gunfire go off earlier in the day. Additionally, Jeffrey Spaide was allegedly seen pacing inside of his home before the final shot was heard — when he died by suicide.

Authorities quickly discovered the bodies of the Goys outside in the snow. Shortly thereafter, they found Spaide's body inside his house. Before long, police determined that Spaide had killed the Goys before he had turned one of his rifles on himself, dying of a self-inflicted gunshot wound.

The gruesome murder-suicide — and the expletive-filled argument that preceded it — quickly garnered strong reactions from many people.

Some expressed sympathy for the Goy family, especially since the deceased couple left behind a 15-year-old autistic son who will now need to be cared for by his grandparents. One woman in France who identified herself as a relative of the Goys said the couple didn't "deserve a tragic death like cattle."

However, others came to the defense of the deceased Spaide, arguing that he had endured bullying from his neighbors for too long and that he had reached his breaking point. Meanwhile, others were simply shocked that an argument over something like snow shoveling could end so violently.

Rumours say that they would also speak ill of his Wife who passed away from Cancer.

But one thing is certain: both Spaide and the Goys leave behind many loved ones who desperately wish that morning had ended differently.

>Wrong Picture of Jeffrey Spaide:

This person's photo had been used as a picture of Jeffrey Spaide in multiple True Crime YouTube videos, the show "Fear Thy Neighbor" at the end of the "Bullets in the Snow" episode etc.

This is Donald Cristiano Jr., a Long Island man who impersonated an officer and abducted two teenage girls.

Peter Kürten (26 May 1883 – 2 July 1931) was a German serial killer known as 'The Vampire of Düsseldorf' who committed a series of murders and sexual assaults in the late 1920s.

Birth Date: 26 May 1883

Death Date: 2 July 1931

Criminal Status: Executed

Victims: 9 murders, 31 attempted murders

Motive: Sadistic sexual gratification, vengeance against society

Last words: "Tell me…after my head is chopped off, will I still be able to hear at least for a moment, the sound of my own blood gushing from the stem of my neck? that would be the pleasure to end all pleasures."

Executed by: The guillotine

In the grim chronicles of criminal history, few figures instill as much dread as Peter Kürten, known as the "Vampire of Düsseldorf." Born on May 26, 1883, in Cologne-Mulheim, Germany, Kürten emerged from a childhood marked by severe deprivation and abuse, ultimately becoming one of the most infamous serial killers in history.

Kürten's formative years resemble a blueprint for the making of a monster. He was born into abject poverty as one of thirteen siblings in a household ruled by an alcoholic and abusive father. The family's cramped one-room dwelling became a scene of terror, where the children were forced to witness their father's repeated sexual assaults on their mother and sisters. In 1897, Kürten's father was incarcerated for 18 months for the rape of his 13-year-old daughter, though he was charged solely with incest rather than the more severe crime of rape.

This harrowing childhood experience laid the groundwork for Kürten's later atrocities. By the age of nine, he had already committed his first two murders, drowning two young friends in separate incidents. These fatalities were dismissed as accidents, allowing Kürten's violent inclinations to flourish without intervention.

Kürten's trajectory toward serial murder followed a disturbing pattern. His early criminal activities included multiple convictions for arson, sexual assault, and burglary. A significant turning point occurred during his youth when he decapitated a goose and consumed its blood—an act that would foreshadow his later heinous crimes and contribute to his notorious nickname.

His sexual deviance escalated from acts of bestiality to increasingly violent encounters with human partners. These relationships invariably followed a predictable pattern: initial intimacy would devolve into escalating violence until his partners either fled or reported him to the authorities. During World War I, his criminal behavior culminated in military desertion and an eight-year prison sentence, during which his violent fantasies intensified under the brutal treatment of prison guards.

By 1929, at the age of 46, Kürten unleashed what would become one of Germany's most notorious crime sprees.His victims included individuals of all ages, from young children to adults, with his crimes marked by extreme brutality and sexual sadism. The murder of eight-year-old Rosa Ohliger represented a pivotal moment, introducing the vampiric aspect of blood drinking that would lead to his notorious moniker.

The residents of Düsseldorf lived in constant fear as Kürten perpetrated his attacks, with his methods becoming increasingly savage over time. He frequently revisited crime scenes to observe the discovery of his victims' remains, deriving a perverse satisfaction from the community's terror and the extensive media attention his actions garnered.

Peter Kürten's case transcends a mere series of heinous murders; it serves as a profound reminder of how childhood trauma, systemic neglect, and societal shortcomings can culminate in the emergence of a monster. His officially recorded crimes included nine homicides and numerous attempted murders, forever altering Düsseldorf and leaving a lasting impact on the field of criminal psychology.

The saga of the Düsseldorf Vampire continues to intrigue and horrify, acting as a cautionary narrative regarding the intricate relationship between childhood trauma, mental illness, and violent behavior. Kürten's reign of terror concluded with his execution on July 2, 1931, yet the insights derived from his case—pertaining to early intervention, mental health support, and the necessity of safeguarding society's most vulnerable individuals—remain pertinent in contemporary discussions.

Following these events, his head was preserved and displayed in a museum, which can still be visited today in Wisconsin Dells. It was necessary to open his skull to extract his brain for research purposes.

Kurten's chopped in half head⬇️

One of the weapons he used⬇️

Another photo of Kurten⬇️

All known victims⬇️

More info⬇️

Life on Earth has existed around 4 billion years. During this time, countless species have roamed the earth, swum the seas and soared to the skies. But this extraordinary diversity of life is not a never-ending story of creation, but a constant struggle with death. In fact, the most important turning points in the history of evolution have been shaped by the cycle of life's collapse and rebirth. Mass extinctions are often seen as another name for catastrophe. Events such as the "Great Dying", where a significant proportion of species disappear, signal a frightening end. But these colossal catastrophes have also been a stage on which the creative power of evolution has been on display. Each extinction allowed the survivors to make an evolutionary leap, opening doors to new species and ecological niches. The extinction of the dinosaurs gave mammals a chance. Dark periods of the seas brought the rise of more resilient and complex species. In this article, we explore the central role of mass extinctions in the history of life and how death operates as one of the invisible hands of evolution. Together we will witness the 5 great mass extinctions from the formation of the Earth and how new life forms have sprouted in the wake of these catastrophes, to see that death is not just an end, but also a beginning. Because life's most powerful ally has often been its greatest enemy: Evolution. Happy reading.

Dear WPD readers;

In this post, I will try to explain to you how evolution has followed a process of development for all living things and life processes since the formation of the world, through the 5 main mass extinctions and the struggle for survival of living things. As I said, this post includes how living things survived the 5 main mass extinctions throughout history and how the best adapted ones fought for survival. For you;

- 1 The formation of the Earth

• 1.1 The beginning of life

• Paleozoic Creatures

- 2 Ordovician-Silurian Extinction

• Devonian Organisms

- 3 Late Devonian Extinction

• Permian Period Creatures

- 4 Permian-Triassic Extinction

• Triassic Period Creatures

- 5 Triassic-Jurassic Extinction

• Cretaceous Period Creatures

- 6 Cretaceous-Paleogene Extinction

• Chicxulub meteorite

• Paleogene Period

• Neogene Period

• Quaternary Period

• Pleistocene Period

- (+1) 7 More About Evolution

• What is the "Evolution"?

Evolution is the process by which all living things that develop over time to adapt to the changing conditions of the world from past to present are constantly progressing very slowly. Evolution by natural selection eliminates the weaker generations and rewards the species that survive on their strengths with continued generations. Strong and adaptive traits that strong generations maintain continue to be passed on and evolve over millions of years. The Earth is like a living sphere, constantly moving and changing, with air cycles, atmosphere, land, oceans and so on. The creatures best able to adapt to these changes automatically become the ancestors of the next generation. In short, as I said, evolution is like a perfect dance between life and death. It is a perfect dance that never ends and has been going on ever since they came into existence.

- Formation of the Earth

About 4.6 billion years ago, as the Solar System formed, the Earth began to take shape. Clouds of gas and dust swirling around the Sun condensed under the influence of gravity to form the planets. The Earth was originally a hot, molten ball of rock; this intense heat was caused by both the collisions that occurred during the planet's formation and the energy released by the decay of radioactive elements. This extreme heat caused the Earth's surface to remain molten. Over time, denser materials were drawn to the center of the Earth and formed a core, while lighter materials rose to the surface, forming the mantle and crust layers.

Primitive World

The early Earth was continually shaped by meteor showers and meteorites striking the planet's surface. The largest of these collisions occurred about 4.5 billion years ago, when Earth was struck by Theia, a Mars-sized planetoid. As a result of this collision, large amounts of rock and dust detached from the Earth and combined in orbit to form the Moon. The Moon balanced the Earth's tilt and rotation speed and contributed significantly to the Earth's geological and biological evolution through tidal forces. In the process, the Earth's surface gradually cooled and a solid crust formed. But heat in the Earth's interior continued to be retained due to radioactive decay in the core and the remnants of old heat. This started mantle convection and eventually the movement of tectonic plates. The tectonic plates triggered volcanic activity, releasing gas and water vapor to the surface. These gases formed Earth's first atmosphere. This oxygen-free atmosphere consisted of gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, ammonia and water vapor.

Primordial Atmosphere Forecast Overview

Water vapor released into the atmosphere by volcanic activity condensed as the Earth cooled, forming oceans. The presence of oceans provided the environment necessary for the first life forms to emerge. Tectonic plates also continuously reshaped land surfaces, starting the carbon cycle. This cycle helped keep temperatures in check by sequestering carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Ultimately, the Earth's geological activity helped to form the atmosphere, accumulate water and create a favorable environment for life. Land formed by the movement of tectonic plates and volcanic activity not only shaped the surface, but also laid the foundations for the biosphere. These dynamic processes made Earth a unique planet on which life as we know it could exist.

- The Beginning Of Life

The study of the early stages of Earth's formation and the origin of life is one of the most profound and complex questions in Earth's history. Scientists have developed several different theories as they try to understand how evolutionary processes work and how life began. While there is no definitive answer to the origin of life, some key stages and experiments provide insights into how these processes work. Earth formed about 4.5 billion years ago as a result of massive cosmic collisions and intense volcanic activity. The surface of the early Earth was covered by oceans of hot magma, and its atmosphere consisted of gases such as carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), ammonia (NH₃), water vapor (H₂O) and nitrogen (N₂). There was no oxygen in the atmosphere and this created an environment that would determine the evolution of life on Earth. In addition, the mineral-rich environments found in the oceans and their energy sources, such as electrical discharges, enabled the formation of the chemical basic components of life.

The most widely accepted theory of how life first began is abiogenesis, the chemical evolution of life from non-living matter. On the early Earth, the chemical basis for life was laid when organic compounds in the atmosphere reacted with energy sources such as electrical discharges (lightning strikes) or sunlight to transform into amino acids and other organic molecules. This process was tested by the Miller-Urey experiment. In 1953, Stanley Miller and Harold Urey succeeded in synthesizing amino acids and other organic molecules in an experiment that mimicked the conditions of the Earth's early atmosphere. This experiment was an important discovery that proved that life could begin with chemical evolution.

Miller Urey experiment Animation

The first living things probably originated as prokaryotic organisms (organisms without nuclei, with a simple cell structure).

Example for prokaryotic organisms

These organisms evolved in mineral-rich environments in the oceans, and the initial cellular structures became more complex and differentiated over time. The RNA world theory proposes that early life began with RNA molecules carrying genetic information and the ability to self-replicate. That is, RNA was the basic building block of early biological processes, and these molecules eventually evolved into DNA and proteins, enabling the evolution of more complex life forms. Scientists have been conducting various experiments to simulate the origin of life and to better understand this process. The Miller-Urey experiment in 1953 showed that life could begin with the assembly of chemical compounds. In addition, large computer simulations and modern biological techniques are being used to investigate how the first cells formed, how the first molecules of life came together and how evolutionary processes proceed..

Primitive Single-celled Organism

Before the first great mass extinctions, there were strange and harsh conditions on Earth. Weather and ocean conditions were extremely variable, volcanic activity was intense and the Earth's atmosphere was devoid of oxygen. These conditions created an extremely reactive environment that made it difficult for early life forms to survive, but also laid the foundation for these evolutionary processes. Gases such as carbon dioxide, methane and ammonia dominated the atmosphere, making the Earth's surface extremely hot, acidic and inhospitable to life. But this environment eventually provided the conditions for the first life to emerge. While there is still no clear answer to how life began on Earth, simulations and experiments are trying to better understand these processes. While chemical evolution laid the first foundations of life, understanding these processes provides important clues to the evolution of life.

- 2 Ordovician-Silurian Extinction

Before the Ordovician Period, the Earth experienced the Cambrian Period, known as the "Cambrian Explosion", a period of rapid diversification of life in the seas. The ancestors of most modern animal groups appeared during this period, and many creatures such as trilobites, brachiopods, marine worms and the first vertebrates became dominant in ecosystems. Much of the Earth was covered by shallow seas and plants had not yet made their way onto land. The Ordovician-Silurian Extinction took place around 443 million years ago, caused by major ice ages and rapid climate changes; dramatic drops in sea levels wiped out 85% of marine ecosystems. However, the surviving species adapted to these harsh conditions, filling new ecological gaps and accelerating the process of evolution; vertebrate fish and the first terrestrial plants began to diversify after the extinction.

• Some Evolution examples for Ordovician-Silurian period:

1 Evolution of the coelacanth

The Coelacanth's lobe fins adapted to move in shallow waters thanks to their bony structure. Over time, these fins evolved into primitive legs that could carry loads on land. This process reached its peak in the Devonian Period with intermediate forms such as Tiktaalik and started the transformation of fish into land vertebrates. This evolution of the Coelacanth took about 60-70 million years.

2 Evolution of the Eurypteridler

Eurypterids evolved in both size and adaptation in the post-extinction period. At first, they were entirely aquatic, with powerful fin-like limbs that made them dominant predators in shallow seas. Over time, some species developed primitive air-breathing structures alongside their gills to survive in temporary terrestrial environments such as swamps. Their limbs also became stronger to allow short-term movement and hunting on land. This evolution has allowed sea scorpions to adapt to aquatic and semi-terrestrial environments, increasing their habitat diversity. They also had no natural predators, so they evolved into very large species.  This process took 50-100 million years.

- 3 Evolution of the Anomalocaris

During the evolutionary process of Anomalocaris, the body underwent significant changes. Initially, it had a large, rounded muzzle and powerful claws, making it an effective predator. Over time, its eyes became larger and more developed, which allowed them to better track their prey. Their body structure also became more agile, allowing them to move faster through the water. The structure of their claws also changed; they became more suitable for catching prey. These changes allowed the species to adapt to different marine environments during the Ordovician Period. The Ordovician-Silurian extinction began about 440 million years ago and lasted for about 1-2 million years. This mass extinction greatly affected life on Earth, wiping out most of the species in the seas, especially invertebrates and plankton living in the oceans.

Devonian Period

The Devonian Period is also known as the "Time of the Fishes" because it was a time of great diversification in the seas and fish became dominant. During this period, fishes took important evolutionary steps, evolving the first jawed fishes, primitive bony fishes, and the first finned sea creatures (such as tiktaalik). Creatures like tiktaalik, which switched between land and water, took an important step from fish to land animals. The Devonian was also a time when the first terrestrial plants evolved and land plants gained their role in the ecosystem. Terrestrial animals also began to appear during this period, especially the first amphibians (creatures that made the transition from fish to land animals). The Devonian also saw the evolution of interesting and bizarre creatures in the oceans, such as giant sea scorpions, the first sea turtles and sea creatures similar to giant whales. The development of various sea creatures was observed with fish with very different fins and hard armor. Life in the Devonian evolved in a remarkable way, with transitions between land and sea and the first significant interactions between land and marine ecosystems.

- 3 Late Devonian Extinction

Before the Late Devonian, the world was experiencing important evolutionary developments in land and marine ecosystems. Land plants began to diversify with the first vascular plants, and the first vascular plants, such as Asteroxylon, were adapting to live in terrestrial environments. In addition, the ancestors of the first land vertebrates were emerging with evolutionary changes in fish that made the water-land transition, such as Tiktaalik. In the seas, vertebrate species such as bony fish and early tetrapods were evolving. However, the Late Devonian Mass Extinction was caused by major climatic changes, ocean anoxia (oxygen-deprived environments) and volcanic activity. The rapidly changing climate and declining oxygen levels in the oceans wreaked havoc on marine ecosystems. Invertebrates and bony fish, especially those living on the ocean floor, suffered great losses during this extinction. Land ecosystems were also affected, but the diversification of terrestrial ecosystems accelerated. Land plants diversified and grew more and began to cover terrestrial areas, while land vertebrates, especially tetrapods and early amphibians, made an evolutionary leap from marine to terrestrial environments. The Late Devonian extinction caused a major transformation of marine and terrestrial ecosystems, laying the foundation for subsequent evolutionary processes.

• Some Evolution examples for Late Devonian period:

1 Evolution of the Tiktaalik

Tiktaalik is one of the first important land vertebrates, representing the transition from aquatic to terrestrial life. Evolving from Eusthenopteron, it developed strengthened fins, which functioned as the first "legs" to allow movement on land. It also evolved nostrils so that it could surface, and the joint between the head and neck allowed its head to move more. Tiktaalik was a creature that could move in both aquatic and terrestrial environments, a critical step towards adaptation to life on land. This evolutionary process took approximately 20-25 million years.

2 Evolution of the Rhizodont

The transition from aquatic predatory fish such as Rhizodont to land tetrapods such as Tulerpeton took about 50 million years of evolution. During this time, the fins of fish gradually developed into jointed legs, making them suitable for movement on land. The development of lungs and the reduced role of gills enabled oxygen uptake on land. The spine and rib structures strengthened and became resistant to gravity, making it easier to stand and move on land. Tulerpeton, with its six-toed legs and the ability to move on land, represents an advanced evolutionary stage of this process. This process ended with fish leaving the aquatic environment and adapting to life on land, and continued with the diversification of tetrapods.

3 Evolution of Thelodonti

Thelodonti are one of the earliest jawed fish that appeared in the Middle Silurian period (about 430 million years ago) and are also known as "canopy fish". These fish were small in size, with slender and graceful bodies, and the armor plates covering their bodies were a protective feature. Although they lacked jaws, they had small teeth in their mouths and fed on plankton and small organisms as they moved through the water. The most distinctive feature of the Thelodonti is the regularly arranged spiny plates covering their bodies. Over time, they evolved into fish with more developed jaws. This evolutionary process later transformed them into larger and more complex fish species, such as Gogosardina. Thelodonti represent an important stage of early fish evolution and were important in food chains in marine ecosystems.

Permian Period

The Permian Period (about 299 - 252 million years ago) was the last period of Paleozoic Time and a time of great transformation in Earth's history. The Permian was a time of great strides in the evolution of land life and ecosystems, as well as major changes in the oceans and seas. At the beginning of the Permian, terrestrial areas saw expanding forests and the first large land animals, while in the seas the diversity of marine life began to decline. The most remarkable evolutionary developments include the appearance of the first dinosaurs, the evolutionary foundations of primitive mammals and the dominance of high-yielding plants in terrestrial ecosystems. At the end of the Permian, the Pangea Supercontinent formed, with all the landmasses joined together, resulting in climatic changes and shifting ocean currents. At the end of the Permian, the Permian-Triassic Mass Extinction took place and is considered one of the largest mass extinctions on Earth. About 95% of species were wiped out, land and marine ecosystems suffered a major blow, but new evolutionary opportunities arose after the extinction and the transition to the Triassic Period was achieved.

- Permian-Triassic Extinction

The Permian-Triassic Extinction is one of the largest mass extinction events in Earth's history, occurring around 252 million years ago. It wiped out 96% of all marine life and 70% of land animals, radically altering the planet's ecosystem. Towards the end of the Permian period, as the Pangea Supercontinent merged, land masses became denser and ocean currents shifted, leading to extreme changes in climate. Environmental stressors, such as rising methane, volcanic eruptions and acidified oceans, all contributed to a dramatic rise in temperatures around the world. During volcanic activity, lava and gases were released into the atmosphere, which increased the greenhouse effect and scorched the Earth's surface. The oceans became anoxic (deoxygenated) and oxygen levels dropped, destroying life in the seas. Terrestrial life was also devastated during this period, but some animals, especially mammal-like reptiles (therapsids), survived the extinction and found the opportunity to create new ecosystems. The Permian-Triassic extinction set the stage for a new phase of life with the beginning of the Triassic Period, but its effects were felt for millions of years.

• Some examples of Permian theriac evolution:

1 Platyhystrix

Platyhystrix is a small species of Reptiliomorpha that lived towards the end of the Permian period. This herbivorous reptile lived in terrestrial and wetland environments and was characterized by its strong legs and rounded body. Its diet was mostly plants and it survived by utilizing the vegetation around it. However, the Permian-Triassic extinction led to major environmental disasters and climate change, causing this species to become extinct. Temperature increases, lava eruptions and changes in the atmosphere upset ecosystems, and small reptiles like Platyhystrix were unable to withstand these massive changes and became extinct. This extinction is an example of how small animal species are susceptible to environmental disasters and how evolutionary processes are interrupted.

2 Dicynodon

Dicynodon is a species of herbivorous Therapsid that lived during the Permian period. As a member of the Anomodontia group, it was widespread primarily in Africa and the southern hemisphere. Dicynodon was quite unique in its body structure; its teeth were large, extending like incisors, while its jaw structure was more of a jutting shape. This made it special as a plant-feeding species. The Permian-Triassic extinction led to the extinction of this species in particular. Major climate changes, increasing levels of carbon in the atmosphere and environmental disasters destroyed ecosystems. These events prevented Dicynodon and other Anomodontia species from surviving. This extinction is a particularly important example of the fragility of early evolutionary processes and how sensitive they are to major environmental changes.

3 Cistecephalus

Cistecephalus is a species of herbivorous Therapsid that lived towards the end of the Permian period and is a member of the group Anomodontia. This species usually had a rounded body with small and short legs. As a plant feeder, Cistecephalus played an important role in permian ecosystems. Because its body was largely close to ground level, it had a feeding habit centered on low vegetation. The Permian-Triassic extinction brought an end to this species. Major environmental changes, dramatic shifts in climate and an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide meant that Cistecephalus and similar Anomodontia species could no longer survive. This extinction led to the extinction of many species in the Permian ecosystem, ushering in the transition to the Triassic period in a different ecological setting. Cistecephalus was one of the species that could not withstand these major changes in the evolutionary process.

- Triassic Period

The Triassic period is the period after the Permian-Triassic extinction, when life was reshaped after Earth's largest mass extinction, which began about 252 million years ago and ended 201 million years ago. This extinction caused massive destruction of ecosystems and led to the extinction of many species. The Triassic period was a time when the surviving species began to evolve and new life forms emerged. During this period, the first dinosaurs, the first mammals, new species of reptiles and amphibians evolved. Groups such as Archosauria and Dinosauria became dominant in the mid-Triassic. Ecosystems diversified between more terrestrial and wetland areas, unlike in previous periods. Towards the end of the Triassic, vegetation and animals diversified rapidly as the oceans and atmosphere improved. The Triassic finally completed a period that marked the transition to the Jurassic period, dominated by dinosaurs.

- Triassic-Jurassic extinction

The Triassic-Jurassic extinction was a major mass extinction event that occurred about 201 million years ago, between the late Triassic and early Jurassic periods. This extinction affected a large proportion of the Earth's species, leading to the extinction of many species. Although the exact causes are still poorly understood, climate change, volcanic eruptions and changes in sea level are thought to have contributed to the extinction. During this extinction, marine organisms were particularly hard hit. Seaweeds and other marine organisms were severely reduced, which is thought to have led to major changes in the marine ecosystem. Many groups also disappeared on land. However, this extinction was a time when dinosaurs consolidated their dominance. After the extinction of many Triassic carnivorous and herbivorous dinosaur species, new dinosaur groups began to emerge with the transition to the Jurassic period. After the extinction, ecosystems began to reshape and new species such as dinosaurs, mammals and marine reptiles continued to evolve. This allowed dinosaurs in particular to diversify rapidly, and by the beginning of the Jurassic period, dinosaurs had become the dominant group on the planet.

• Some examples of Triassic-Jurassic evolution:

1 Allosaurus

The evolutionary process between Allosaurus and Giganotosaurus covers a period of about 90 million years and represents the evolutionary changes of large carnivorous dinosaurs. Allosaurus was a medium-sized dinosaur with social hunting skills that lived at the end of the Jurassic period, around 150 million years ago. It was one of the top predators of the Middle Jurassic ecosystem, able to hunt large prey with its powerful jaws and hunting strategies. Giganotosaurus was a huge carnivore of the Carcharodontosauridae family that evolved in the early Cretaceous period, about 98 million years ago, and was much larger and stronger than Allosaurus. The evolutionary difference between these dinosaurs was shaped by increases in size, changes in hunting strategies and environmental adaptations, so that both species existed in different ecosystems and competed with each other. This process marks an important period in the evolution of carnivorous dinosaurs.

2 Brachiosaurus

The evolutionary process between Prosauropoda and Titanosauria covers a period of about 100 million years. Prosauropoda were small to medium-sized, bipedal herbivorous dinosaurs in the Triassic and early Jurassic periods, but over time they evolved into the larger and heavier Sauropodomorpha. This group was characterized by their long necks and huge bodies. Then, the Sauropodomorpha evolved into the Sauropoda group of large dinosaurs, which peaked in the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods with species such as Brachiosaurus and Diplodocus. Finally, Titanosauria evolved into large and gigantic dinosaurs during the Cretaceous period, becoming among the largest land animals on Earth.

3 Silesaurus

Silesaurus opolensis is a small, bipedal archosaur, one of the closest relatives of dinosaurs, that lived during the Late Triassic period about 230 million years ago. Although it is not directly considered a dinosaur due to its primitive features, it represents an important transition point in the evolution of dinosaurs, showing both herbivorous and carnivorous feeding characteristics. Silesaurus developed a mixed diet strategy between plants and insects, moving quickly with its powerful hind legs, small teeth and beak. The fact that it lived just before the appearance of dinosaurs helps us understand both how they adapted to ecological changes and what their ancestors looked like. Silesaurus provides valuable insights into the way of life of dinosaurs at the beginning of their evolution.

- Cretaceous Period

The Cretaceous Period was a time when some of the most diverse and bizarre life forms in Earth's history evolved. During this period, dinosaurs completely dominated terrestrial ecosystems and many species with different sizes, shapes and lifestyles evolved. Spinosaurus was a huge theropod dinosaur that hunted in the water and was notable for its long sail-like back. In the same period, armored dinosaurs like Ankylosaurus defended themselves against predators with bone plates and powerful maces on their tails. Pterosaurs decorated the skies, while species like Quetzalcoatlus reached the size of small airplanes with their wingspan. The first flowering plants (angiosperms) evolved during this period, changing ecosystems and giving rise to new species. Mammals also made an evolutionary leap, evolving from small, nocturnal mammals to species with more complex feeding and locomotion patterns. The seas were dominated by huge marine reptiles such as Mosasaurus and Plesiosaurs, and crustacean molluscs such as ammonites. This diversity ended at the end of the Cretaceous, with the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction 66 million years ago, which set the stage for the rise of mammals and modern birds.

- Cretaceous-Paleogene Extinction & Chicxulub meteorite

The Cretaceous-Paleogene Extinction (C-Pg Extinction) occurred around 66 million years ago and left deep scars on Earth's ecosystems. It is known as a major mass extinction event that led to the extinction of many species, especially dinosaurs, of which about 75% were wiped out. The most important trigger of this extinction was the Chicxulub Meteorite. This gigantic asteroid, about 10 kilometers in diameter, caused worldwide devastation when it hit the Yucatán Peninsula. The impact caused a massive explosion, filling the atmosphere with ash, dust and sulfate aerosols. This created a "nuclear winter"-like effect, causing global temperatures to drop rapidly and destroying photosynthesizing plants. In addition, the massive fires and tsunamis triggered by the impact made life even more difficult. The impact caused the oceans to become acidic, ecosystems to collapse and oxygen levels in the atmosphere to change. While this event led to the extinction of groups such as non-avian dinosaurs, ammonites, and marine reptiles, it created an evolutionary opportunity for mammals and birds and reshaped Earth's ecosystems.

Short video documentary:

- Paleogene Period

The Paleogene Period began 66 million years ago after the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction and ended 23 million years ago. It was an important transitional period during which mammals diversified and dominated evolutionarily, the climate cooled and new ecosystems began to take shape. The Paleogene is divided into three sub-periods, the Paleocene, Eocene and Oligocene, during which mammals evolved rapidly in the absence of dinosaurs, developing different species. The Eocene is characterized by the emergence of modern mammals and the first large mammals in a warm and humid climate across the globe, while the Oligocene produced great diversity in the evolution of mammals as the cAncestor Of Whales And Dolphinslimate cooled and new land connections took shape. The Paleogene is also a time when mountain ranges began to rise, ocean currents changed and tropical forests developed. This process allowed life on Earth to diversify again and laid the foundations for modern ecosystems.

Ancestor Of Emu And Ostrich

Ancestor Of Elephants, Rhino And Hippo

Ancestor Of Creatures Like Horses, Zebras, And Donkeys

- Neogene Period

The Neogene Period began about 23 million years ago and ended 2.58 million years ago and covers two sub-periods, the Pliocene and Miocene. It is a special period of great change in terms of climate changes, geological movements and biological evolution. At the beginning of the Neogene, the world had generally warm climates, but as the period progressed, the climate began to cool, leading to the formation of large glaciers. One of the most important features of the Neogene is the great leaps in the evolution of mammals and birds. Groups such as horses, pheasants, felines and dogs went through important evolutionary stages during this period. In addition, the emergence of the first ancestors of humans coincides with the Neogene period. Continental movements, changes in ocean currents and fluctuations in sea level were other factors that shaped this period. The rise of the Alps, Himalayas and other great mountain ranges led to major changes that affected ecosystems. The Neogene covers a period of increased biodiversity, the emergence of the evolutionary ancestors of the vast majority of modern animal groups, and major environmental changes on Earth.

Ancestor Of Deers

Endangered Species

Ancestor Of Cats

- Quaternary Period

The Quaternary Period started about 2.58 million years ago and continues until today. This period is divided into two main sub-periods, the Pleistocene and the Holocene. The Quaternary is a special period of the greatest climatic changes and environmental evolution on Earth and the development of modern animal and human species. During this period, the Earth experienced major ice ages (glaciations) and dramatic changes between cooling and warming of the climate. In the early Quaternary, huge ice sheets covered large areas of the globe, and this process had major evolutionary impacts on animals and plants. At the end of the ice ages, modern humans (Homo sapiens) emerged and rapidly evolved and spread across the globe. Also during this period, many species such as mammals, birds and plants underwent major changes, often evolving through adaptations and the struggle for survival. The Quaternary period covers an important time when the foundations of modern ecosystems were laid, human history began, and many animals underwent critical changes in their evolutionary processes. By the end of this period, a world in which ecosystems had been profoundly shaped by human environmental impacts and climate change had emerged.

Ancestor Of Elephants

Ancestor Of Armadillo

Ancestor Of Bears

- Pleistocene Period

The Pleistocene Epoch began about 2.58 million years ago and ended 11,700 years ago and is known as the "Ice Age". During this period, the Earth experienced extensive glacial advances and retreats; the climate fluctuated constantly, alternating between cold periods and warmer interglacial periods. The Pleistocene witnessed the emergence of modern humans (Homo sapiens) and the rise and extinction of human species such as Neanderthals. It was also a time when large mammals such as mammoths, mastodons and saber-toothed tigers diversified and eventually became extinct. Triggered by environmental changes and massive migrations, this era played a critical role in the evolution of humanity and ecosystems.

Evolution Story Of Human

This is a short story of evolution from the first single-celled to countless life forms and human beings. Evolution is not something to believe or deny, evolution is a fact. Over millions of years, natural selection gradually eliminates redundant traits and perpetuates the lineage of the creatures best adapted to the world. But there are many more things to tell. I didn't want to make this post in 2 parts, so it was difficult to explain with the limit of ~13.000 letters left, but evolution never stops;

More About Evolution:

How evolution works?

How does evolution eliminate the adaptive and keep the adaptive alive? I can illustrate this with the saber-toothed tiger and the modern cat; the

story begins millions of years ago when the present-day Americas became colder than the western continent,

The offspring of herbivores living in this cold, with slightly thicker fur, fed more and accumulated more fat, would pass on these traits for millions of years in the future.

Over this period of time, the predators of herbivores that could adapt to the cold were, of course, those with more penetrating teeth to cope with the thicker fur, and were able to hunt these creatures more easily and keep future generations alive. Over millions of years, creatures with a more truncated and piercing skull (such as the similodon) have evolved in this way as a result of these features. Although these herbivores were not fast, they were heavy and strong creatures, so creatures such as the saber-toothed tiger evolved as cats whose hind legs and tail structure were not suitable for running, but were very strong in terms of muscle structure.

Here is a simple example, creatures that adapt to the conditions of the world keep their generations alive, and over time, predators that have adapted to adapt to these adapted creatures have evolved accordingly and have been able to keep their species alive. But of course you can ask why similodon did not survive, as I said, creatures that cannot adapt are eliminated in the process, like similodon. Of course, it has a very efficient prey structure, but unfortunately, catastrophes such as the world's various extinctions and famines have gradually reduced the species of these herbivorous creatures. Although creatures that can survive harsh periods such as winter with less food easily survive this process compared to herbivorous species, the similodon, which could not find food to hunt, of course, did not evolve to chase after small rabbits, as these species came to the brink of extinction over time, the similodon disappeared because it could not find food in this process.

The Importance Of The Atmosphere:

I'd like to change the subject a little bit and talk about the atmosphere, which is essential for all living things, and how the atmosphere changes over time, even though it can be a challenging time for species, it's about how the Earth's atmosphere is special.

The Earth's core is mostly made of molten metal, which creates a magnetic field around the Earth and prevents gases in the air, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen, from escaping into space. The atmosphere is neither as thick as Venus nor as thin as Mars. As you know, carbon emissions thicken the atmosphere and cause global warming. The atmosphere is like a quilt, protecting us from the cold of space and the deadly rays of the sun.

Unlike our atmosphere, which is neither too hot nor too cold, Venus is closer to the sun and has a thicker atmosphere. This is why the surface temperature can reach incredible highs of 460 degrees Celsius. Venus's core is so alive and dense that the atmosphere is death. Mars on the other hand, the

Core is extremely dead and dry. The atmosphere is therefore almost non-existent. It is not protected from the deadly rays of the sun and the extreme cold of space. It is an almost impossible phenomenon to revive in the future.

The Importance Of Tall Grass To Human Evolution:

About 6-7 million years ago, the first hominid apes began to spread into the open spaces of tropical forests. This change was due to environmental factors such as the thinning of forests and the increase in tall grasses.

In this new environment, monkeys moved away from large trees and began to stand upright to create better visual space between tall grasses. By using their feet instead of their arms, they could see their surroundings from a wider perspective and spot predators earlier. Standing also freed up their free hands, which they could use for skills such as carrying, holding and making tools.

This evolutionary change paved the way for the first stone tools. The first tools were simple tools made from sharp points or stones obtained by breaking natural stones. These tools facilitated the tasks needed in daily life, such as cutting meat and gathering plants, and increased their chances of survival. These additional abilities gained by standing were an important step in human evolution, as the liberation of the hands and the development of tool-making skills shaped the evolutionary development of later human ancestors.

Here is the story of evolution in a nutshell. First of all, I would like to thank @weltschmerz and @5001 for supporting me on these issues and all of you who have learned various things from these posts. Secondly, I realize this is not according to you, the purpose of such posts is purely to prove that concepts like death are not only entertaining for people like you, but also educational. I will be waiting for your thoughts and comments.

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Where did the Los Angeles fires start?

The Palisades Fire initially erupted Tuesday morning near the Pacific Palisades, a partly coastal residential area in northwestern Los Angeles. It began as a brush fire that spiraled out of control because of ongoing high winds in the region.

Sheila Kelliher, a Los Angeles County Fire Department captain, told "CBS Mornings" Wednesday that fighting the wildfires is "incredibly challenging and volatile and unpredictable," calling the winds "ferocious" while imploring people in evacuation zones to heed officials' instructions and "get out when those warnings come."

"Pack up, get ready to go," Kelliher said. Referencing the pedestrians who abandoned their cars on roadways blocked by traffic when evacuations got underway, she added: "Sometimes, as you can see, the cars had to be left behind and a lot of times just even getting out on foot, you've got to get going.

Jan 8 Report

Palisades Fire

What started as a brush fire Tuesday around 10:30 a.m. rapidly ballooned in size, sending clouds of smoke into the air and forcing 30,000 residents to evacuate. Roads leading away from the coastal community were gridlocked, and some people, desperate to escape, left their cars and fled by foot to safety. Images show how the wildfire turned coastal L.A. into an "apocalyptic" scene, as one resident described it.

LAFD said a 25-year-old firefighter sustained a head injury while battling the fire, and civilians were found suffering from burns.

Eaton Fire

The Eaton Fire ignited around 6:23 p.m. Tuesday in the foothills of Angeles National Forest near Pasadena and Altadena. Evacuations were ordered as the fire grew. The Pasadena Jewish Temple and Center was destroyed, with an eyewitness saying it seemed like a "bad, bad, horrific dream." Included in the evacuation zone was a senior facility in the Pasadena area, where an NBC News Los Angeles crew captured residents being loaded into vehicles as thick smoke consumed the area.

Hurst fire

A brush fire was first reported in the Sylmar area of Los Angeles at 10:10 pm Tuesday night, with the Los Angeles Fire Department reporting a rapid rate of spread. The fire is now reported to be at 500 acres.

The fire is currently burning in and around the San Fernando Valley, and wind storms are spreading the fire north toward the city of Santa Clarita, the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department warned early this morning.

Latest Updates

• At least 5 Dead

• City hit from both sides as upscale Pacific Palisades, hills above Pasadena on fire

• New fire breaks out in Hollywood Hills section of Los Angeles

• Hundreds of homes destroyed and 100,000 people evacuated

• Strong winds hinder firefighting efforts, water supplies run low

• Biden declares major disaster, cancels trip to Italy

Raging wildfires surrounding Los Angeles spread to the Hollywood Hills on Wednesday, after other fires in the area killed at least five people, destroyed hundreds of homes and stretched firefighting resources and water supplies to the limit.

More than 100,000 people were ordered to evacuate as dry, hurricane-force winds hindered firefighting operations and spread the fires, which have burned parched terrain almost unimpeded since they began on Tuesday.

"This firestorm is the big one," Los Angeles Mayor Karen Bass told a press conference after rushing back to Los Angeles upon cutting short an official trip to Ghana.

A new fire broke out in the Hollywood Hills on Wednesday evening, Fire Chief Kristin Crowley told a press conference, forcing more evacuations and raising to six the number of wildfires burning in Los Angeles County.

Four of them were 0% contained according to state officials, including a pair of major conflagrations on the eastern and western flanks of the city that continued to grow as night fell on Wednesday.

In between, the so-called Sunset Fire in Hollywood Hills scorched 50 acres (20 hectares) on Wednesday, Cal Fire said. Helicopter crews doused the flames with water drops, appearing to impede its rapid advance.

The L.A. Fire Department issued an evacuation order for people in an area within Hollywood Boulevard to the south, Mulholland Drive to the north, the 101 Freeway to the east and Laurel Canyon Boulevard to the west - all iconic addresses for people in the entertainment industry.

Within that area is the Dolby Theater, where the Oscars are held. Next week's Oscar nominations announcement was already postponed by two days because of the fire, organizers said.

Though relatively small compared to the others, the Sunset Fire burned just above Hollywood Boulevard and its Walk of Fame. It would need to cross the 101 Freeway to endanger the Hollywood sign and Griffith Observatory further up in the hills.

SMOLDERING RUINS

On the west side of Los Angeles, the Palisades Fire consumed 15,832 acres (6,406 hectares) and hundreds of structures in the hills between Santa Monica and Malibu, racing down Topanga Canyon until reaching the Pacific Ocean on Tuesday.

Aerial video by KTLA television showed block after block of smoldering homes in Pacific Palisades, the smoky grid occasionally punctuated by the orange blaze of another home still on fire.

To the east, in the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains, the Eaton Fire claimed another 10,600 acres (4,289 hectares), another 1,000 structures, and killed at least five people, officials said.

Private forecaster AccuWeather estimated initial damage and economic loss at more than $50 billion.

"We're facing a historic natural disaster. And I think that can't be stated strong enough," Kevin McGowan, director of emergency management for Los Angeles County, told a press conference.

Even though forecasters said winds would subside briefly on Wednesday night, so-called red flag conditions were expected to remain until Friday.

Nearly 300,000 homes and businesses lost power in Los Angeles County, down from nearly 1 million earlier on Wednesday, according to PowerOutage.us. School was canceled throughout Los Angeles County at least through Thursday, Superintendent Alberto Carvalho said.

"We've had fires over the years but not something like this," Frances Colella, a 71-year-old retiree, told Reuters at an evacuation center in Pasadena, resting in a wheelchair alongside dozens of others. "It's a really sad occurrence and I can't remember anything like this."

WATER WOES

The scale and spread of the blazes stretched exhausted firefighting crews beyond their capacity.

Firefighters from six other states were being rushed to California, while an additional 250 engine companies with 1,000 personnel were being moved from Northern California to Southern California, Los Angeles County Fire Chief Anthony Marrone told a press conference.

Water shortages caused some hydrants to run dry in upscale Pacific Palisades, officials said.

"We pushed the system to the extreme. We're fighting a wildfire with urban water systems," Janisse Quinones, chief executive of the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power, told a press conference.

Pacific Palisades relies on three tanks that hold about a million gallons (3.78 million liters) each, and the demand for water to fight fires at lower elevations was making it difficult to refill water tanks at higher elevations, she said.

By Wednesday afternoon, all three of those tanks and all 114 reservoirs throughout the city were refilled, Quinones said in a later press conference.

The fires struck at an especially vulnerable time for Southern California, which has not seen significant rainfall for months.

Then came the powerful Santa Ana winds, bringing dry desert air from the east toward the coastal mountains, fanning wildfires while blowing over the hilltops and down through the canyons.

Scientists said the fires, erupting well outside of the traditional wildfire season, mark the latest in weather extremes that are likely to escalate further as global temperatures continue to climb in coming decades.

President Joe Biden, who declared the fires a major disaster, joined California Governor Gavin Newsom at a Santa Monica fire station to get a briefing on firefighting efforts.

In his final days as president before handing off to President-elect Donald Trump on Jan. 20, Biden canceled an upcoming trip to Italy in order to focus on directing the federal response to the fires, the White House said.

"We're doing anything and everything and as long as it takes to contain these fires ... to make sure you get back to normal," Biden said at the fire station. "It's going to be a hell of a long way. It's going to take time."

Evacuation zones in the Los Angeles area

Evacuation order - 🟧

Evacuation warning - 🟨

This is by far the craziest video from the fire in Los Angeles. This guy is filming huge walls of fire surrounding a house they're in, and there's another person and a dog.

Satellite images of Altadena, Los Angeles County, show the devastation caused by the Eaton Fire.

The McDonald's in Los Angeles remained standing despite the strong winds and fire.

With LA running out of water, a firefighter resorts to using a traffic cone to scoop water from a puddle.

What on Earth is this just captured on a Fox News Report…..?

Salute to this fearless California firefighter pilot—risking it all to land on the sea, refill with seawater, and take off again!