This is footage of a fatal ventricular fibrillation due to a cocaine overdose. This is a tine-lapsed video (15 min minutes in total)

The heart rate progresses from an average of 72 beats per minute (bpm) to a ventricular flutter (>250 bpm) followed by a ventricular fibrillation (>350 bpm)

This is the last step before the heart flatlines and proceeds into cardiac arrest, when it stops pumping all together.

Cocaine prevents the cleanup of stress chemicals in the brain. The heart becomes quick and inefficient, reducing blood flow, and dies due to a lack of oxygen.

make no mistake tho this may have seemed like a path to Healing to the Doctor for the patients it was Hell

oouch.

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva is a connective tissue disorder, in which fibrous connective tissue, like ligaments, tendon and muscle are replaced by bone, causing the patient to stiffen up. This is the only medical condition known to cause one organ to grow into another.

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva, or FOP, is extremely rare and estimated to affect 0.5 cases per million people. In 2017 there were only 801 cases known worldwide.

The cause of this disorder is a mutation of the gene, ACVR1. It is the body's repair mechanism, making it use bone to repair instead of the normal tissue. This causes joins to fuse and become immovable if even minor trauma occurs.

The new bone formation is called "heterotopic ossification," that new skeleton eventually restricts the patients ability to move, keeping them in a fixed position for the rest of their life.

Even if the excess bone is surgically removed, the body will repair itself with what is refered to as an explosive growth of new bone. There is no cure for this condition.

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Hi this is my first post

I've always been interest in medicine and crazy medical conditions so I'll probably make more! Don't know if this is an effortpost but that would be so cool if it was

WHAT IS PECTUS EXCAVATUM??

Medical Definition: a congenital chest wall deformity that is caused by growth abnormality of the cartilage that connects the ribs to the breastbone (sternum).

Non Medical Definition: is a condition in which the person's breastbone is sunken into the chest.

Another name for this would be "Funnel Chest" and is more common in boys than in girls.

HOW COMMON IS IT?

About 1 to 8 people per 1,000 have it.

While the sunken breastbone is often noticeable shortly after birth, the severity of pectus excavatum typically worsens during the adolescent growth spurt.

This is a graph showing the age composition for the condition. As you can see most of the cases range in the 13-18 age group.

Severe cases of pectus excavatum can eventually interfere with the function of the heart and lungs.

WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS?

For many, the biggest symptom is the deformities of the chest. Some other symptoms include the following:

*Shortness of breath with exercise.

*Less stamina compared to peers.

*Fatigue.

*Chest pain.

*Irregular heartbeat.

*Heart palpitations.

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Of course, they could also have some psychological symptoms as well such as:

*Significant embarrassment from the appearance of your chest.

*Self-esteem issues.

*Clinical depression.

WHAT CAUSES PECTUS EXCAVATUM?

Researches haven't found a specific genetic link, yet. They do suspect there is one though. About 40% to 53% of people with pectus excavatum have a biological family member with the same condition.

Pectus Excavatum is associated with the following:

*Impaired exercise tolerance.

*Mitral valve prolapse (leaky heart valve).

*Compression of your heart.

HOW DO YOU FIX THIS?

There are actually TWO way's to fix this.

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The Nuss Procedure

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The Ravitch Procedure

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The Nuss Procedure:

This procedure is minimally invasive. Your surgeon would do the following:

*Insert a camera into your chest to guide the procedure.

*Make two small incisions on either side of your chest.

*Insert a custom-curved steel bar(s) under your sternum and position the bar(s) to elevate your sternum.

*Secure the bar to your chest wall on each side to correct the depression.

The bar stays in place for several years. A surgeon removes it in an outpatient (same-day) procedure.

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The Ravitch Procedure:

This is considered the traditional or opened procedure Your surgeon will do the following:

*Make an incision on the front of your chest.

*Remove the overgrown connective tissue that's pushing your sternum backward.

*Pull your sternum forward, away from your heart and lungs, into your chest wall.

*Use a small plate and tiny screws or a small metal bar to stabilize your sternum in its new position.

A surgeon will remove the bar in six to 12 months during a short outpatient procedure. This bar is smaller than the bar they use in the Nuss procedure. You don't need additional surgery because surgeons don't remove the plates.

COMPLICATIONS OF PROCEDURE:

*Pneumothorax (collapsed lung).

*Bleeding.

*Pleural effusion (fluid around your lung).

*Infection.

*The chest bar moving out of place.

*Pectus excavatum recurrence (happening again) after bar removal.

*Injury to surrounding structures.

*Chronic pain.

HOW LONG DOES RECOVERY TAKE?

4-6 weeks.

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IS RECOVERY PAINFUL?

Short answer, yes.

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If you have gotten this far and have a few more minute's I can now tell you MY experience with this surgery.

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I ended up getting this procedure done when i was 13 or 14 years old. Just going into High School. Mine was severe enough to get The Ravitch Procedure done. How we knew I needed to get the procedure done was one day at Basketball practice I started having a hard time breathing and started hypervenalating from feeling like i was dying. Went to the doctors who found out that it has started pushing up against my heart and lungs and causing major complications to my everyday life. The surgery went great but the recovery SUCKED! I can only describe it as the most painful thing i have ever experienced. My doctor told me they had to break my sternum and ribs to put in the metal bar. I also had to go through physical therapy to get back to walking. The WORST part was when i ended up getting hiccups and when they had change my bedding. The nurses had to roll me onto one side and then onto the other to remove the sheets. I had to keep the metal bar in for a whole year.

My lasting complications to the surgery is that my right part of my chest from the scar to the top side of my right shoulder blade is numb. Seem's like my procedure also failed because i still have a bit of an incaved chest cavity but nothing major.

FAMOUS PEOPLE WITH PECTUS EXCAVATUM

Jeff Goldblum

Bo Burnam

Joaquin Phoenix

Neil Patrick Harris

Patrick Swayze

Brendan Fraser

Hayden Panettiere

Tori Spelling

Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex

Pocket Procedures is a video series created by residents for residents.

The mission is to create a video library of a variety of surgeries, procedures, techniques, and principals to help physicians prepare for cases or grasp difficult surgical concepts and skills. These videos are in no way intended to demonstrate the only way to perform a particular procedure or surgery but rather to document our experience at Christiana Care Health System in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology.

This young man attempted suicide by decapitation with a chainsaw, and survived. It was successfully managed operatively.

DESTRUCTIVE DELIVERY / INTRAUTERINE FETAL DEATH

In intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) do not perform C/S.

Severe maternal infection with fatal sepsis is a substantial risk.

Deliver vaginally

By destructive delivery if needed

INSTRUMENTS

Basiotribe – Perforator – Heavy scissors – Delivery hook

CEPHALIC PRESENTATION

CRANIOTOMY

Perforate the skull with perforator or a pair of heavy scissors

In face presentations use an eye as entry point

Open the shanks of the perforator

Break all intracranial septa

Apply the basiotribe with the solid leg inside and fenestrated leg outside of the skull

Be careful not to catch part of cervix or vagina in the grip

Tighten grip as much as possible

Extract the fetus.

Do this slowly

Allow time for the head to collapse.

In lack of a basiotribe use:

Ordinary delivery forceps

Several heavy toothed clamps

Remove the placenta manually

Check with a hand in the uterine cavity for rupture

https://coconuts.co/bali/news/5-year-old-girl-dies-from-rabies-symptoms-1-month-after-pet-dog-bite

Language: Hindi [Indian]

Content starts from 0:31

The doctor says its a 5 minutes procedure and there is no pain either.

Now he can smoke without worrying about unhealthy lung

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